比特币是网络虚拟财产吗

摘要：网络虚拟财产是具有独立性、排他性和财产性价值的，并且以电子数据形式存在于网络空间的财物，我国对网络虚拟财产依相关法律法规进行保护。与网络虚拟财产不同，比特币是一个不需要中心机构运营的、去中心化的加密数字“货币”。从法律属性上看，比特币更像是毒品、枪支等违禁品，不具备法律上的财产属性；其自身存在的危害性以及所带来的潜在风险，使得它不具有合法性基础；同时，我国也对比特币等虚拟货币的发行、流通、兑换等行为均作出了明令的禁止。正是由于合法性缺陷和禁止性规定，使得比特币的持有人不再对比特币享有支配的可能，因而也就不再享有民法层面上的所有权，进而就不能像“案例参考册”中主张依所有权而行使返还原物请求权。总之，在未来面对由比特币而产生的权利主张，我们不仅不能加以保护，在必要时应当施以必要的惩罚措施。

Abstract：The network virtual property is independent, exclusive and property value, and the property existing in the network space in the form of electronic data. Our country protects the network virtual property in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Unlike virtual property on the web, Bitcoin is a decentralized digital “currency” that does not require a central authority to operate. From the perspective of legal attribute, Bitcoin is more like drugs, guns and other contraband, which does not have the property attribute of civil law; The harmfulness of its own existence and the potential risks brought by it make it have no legal basis; Meanwhile, China has also banned the issuance, circulation and exchange of bitcoin and other virtual currencies. It is precisely because of the legal defects and prohibitive provisions that the holders of Bitcoin no longer have the possibility to dominate Bitcoin, so they no longer have the ownership of bitcoin in the sense of civil law, and thus cannot claim to exercise the right to return the original according to the ownership as argued in the “Case reference Book”. In short, in the face of claims arising from Bitcoin in the future, not only can we not protect them, but we should impose the necessary penalties when necessary.